The modern Madrid was occupied by Romans till 9th century and it was taken over by Visigoth groups for short period again it went on the hands of Muslim communities at the end of 9th century. There was continuous struggle between Christians and Muslims under the name of freedom. Christians wanted to win back the city from the hands of Muslim rulers, it took place till 11th century.
Finally, Madrid was ruled by Alfonoso IV from 1086. The history discloses that systematic growth and development of Madrid city was started from the 13th century under the regime of Alfonso third. Madrid city was declared as capital city of Spain by Philip II in 1561 and different constructive activities were carried out throughout the city, which was the beginning stage of development in the history of Madrid.
The 17th century was the golden time in the history of Madrid due to rapid developmental activities. Most of the historical palaces were constructed as well as different Spanish cultures were originated at the same time in Spain under Charles III. Madrid turned into modern era from this time, which can still be realized from its historical monuments, arts and architectures.
In the period of 19th century, Madrid faced many revolutionary waves and streams of war with Napoleon's army who attacked Madrid but they could not rule over and were released finally. But, 19th century was really unfavorable in the history of Madrid, it faced civil war till 1939. From 1978, it came up with modern economic concept to revive the sluggish economy and developed as a cultural and economical city of Spain.
Now, Madrid has become the best tourist destination in the world due to its rapid economic development as well as natural and cultural heritages, which is the attraction of every group of people.